The papers consist of personal and professional correspondence, genealogical and professional research material and writings, and financial records of Elias Loomis and his sons Henry Bradford and Francis Engelsby Loomis. The papers record Elias Loomis' scientific studies, particularly in astronomy and meteorology. Genealogical notes and writings document the family history through the descendants of Joseph Loomis. Correspondence concerning Elias Loomis' father, sisters, and brothers, who were pioneer settlers of Alton, Illinois, details the family's interest in developments in American politics, education, travel, and social conditions from the 1830s through the 1870s.