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B e a Partner o f Soviet Russia
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F or $10 y ou can buy a share in a company which has formed a partnership
w ith t he Russian Soviet Government. It will manufacture cloth, clothing, etc., in
Moscow and Petrograd. Russia furnishes the plants, the workmen, the raw rnat erials and the market ; A merican working people are now furnishing the moneyc apital and the technical aid. Your money invested in this company will pay for
better food for t he w orkers, for additional machinery, and for outside materials.
I t is hoped t hat dividends will be paid from t he b eginning, and the Russian G OVe rnment guarantees your investment. Any profits over ten per cent. will go t o
enlarging these factories and running others, so t hat t he possibilities of the
project are without limit.
R ussia has plants,
This is not a charworkers and r a w maLENIN'S MESSAGE TO YOU
i t y ; it is better than
terial in g r e a t abundM o s c o w , J une 7 , 1 922.
charity. If a n unemance. She needs w orkployed man came t o S IDNEY H ILLMAN
R USSIAN-AMERICAN
INDUSTRIAL' CORPORATION:
~ n gc apital and techyou in the street and
R EFERYOUR
COMMUNICATION
IN
nical aid.
asked you for a handE KCE
R A I. C. C AMPAIGN R E Russia has gone t o
out to prevent him from CEIVEDT O SOVIET GOVERNMENT S ATISforeign
governments
starving. you might give F A C T I O ~ . ASSURING ALL POSSIBLE SUBP ORT S OVIET G OVERNMENT URGES EXand bankers t o get t pe
it to him. R ut y ou would
ERCISE ALL EFFORTS SPEEDY REALIm oney a nd t h e a:d.
say t o yourself t h a t ZATION Y OVR P LANS.
T hese bankers a r e eager
charity does not solve
(Signed)
RYKOFF.
P C TING CHAIRMAN COUNCIL LABOR
for the profits waiting
the problem c:f u nemAND DEFENSE (Substitute for L enin).
t o be made. But they
ployment. W h a t is n eedw ill make bargains oniy
ed is a new deal t h a t
will set the wheels o f
o n conditions that R ussia does not wish to accept.
i ndustry g oiug a nd give the came hack f r o m Russia with
a contract signed by r epreT hey want Russia t o abatsm an a job.
s entatives c f t he Soviet Govdon all communistic ideals.
T h a t is just a s true of R usThey want the debts of the
a s i t is o f t he m an
t he
er?:"t'contract
a grees t o
T sar t o b e paid. They w ant
s treet. Russians a r e starvt urn o ver t o t he R ussianc ontrol over R tr~sian c ourts
i ng; we h ave g iven
t o A merican Industrial Corpor- a nd o ther impossible t hings.
l Juy t hem f o o d ; w e
k eep
a tlon six factories in PetroC annot A merican w orking
O n g iving i t' B ut t hat m oney
g rad a nd t hree in Moscow
people f urnish the necessary
is eaten up. Here is a chance m aking c loth a nd clothing.
capital without depending on
t o help R ussian iR ussia will T hey a r e worth between $2,s tarted so t h a t ndustry get
t he bankers t o d o it for
500,000 and $5,000,000.
t h e m ? Instead of putting
be
M oney
S idney H illman i nspected y our m oney i n t he h ank, inv ested i n
' Ompany
t hesefactoriesand found that
vest i t i n t he R ussian-Amern ot be eaten u p ; it will keep
t hey a r e in good condition, ican i ndustrial Corporation.
going t h e w heels o f t extile
turn out good clothing, and
mi'1s a nd ' lething
- - - - - - - - -n ow employ about 7,000 peoi t will give a ddjtional jobs t o
I
ple.
R ussian w orkmen.
T h e R ussian-American I nR USSIAN-AMERICAN INDUSH ere is your chance t o ind ustrial C orporation has been
TRIAL CORPORATION
I
vest money in the Russian
i ncorporated under the laws '
32 Union Square, New York City
Revolution. Do you believe
of Delaware. Its authorized
I
in t he Soviet Government? capital is $1,000,000.
.
I ~clalzt. . . . . . . sl~nresof Y O U I - stoclt
Do you wan1 t o give it an
A ny o ne may subscribe a t
o pportunity t o make good?
$10 a share. Careful p rovi- I n t $10 n slznrc, for .iwlziclz I e uclose
Here is a chance to s ay s o
:ion is made that control of
. . . . . . . . . I w ant f urtlze~, i nformaw ith hard cash.
the c o r ~ o r a t i o nwill not fall
$.
P resideut S idney H illman
i nto t he- h ands of a few large
ti011 a bout the pln~z. I z cmrzt.. . .....
?f t ile A malgamated Clothowners, T his is a people's
topics o f ,,our ,iicmiure
d istnbutr
111g W orkers of America
enterprise.
t o I : I Vf riends.
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The Russian-American
Industrial Corporation
Sidney Hillman, President.
31 Union Square, New York Citv
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September, 1922
The Railroaders' Next Step:
T he Road to p ower
a nd Teacher ,of Nation41
By W m. 2. Foster
This 6 4page pamphlet, written by a practical railroad man of many
years' experience, Ells a long-felt want of railroad unionists. Phase by
phase and step by step it scientifically and irrefutably establishes the case
for amalgamation. Place this pamphlet in the hands of the rank and
file and it will not be long until the fusion of the sixteen railroad unions
i nto one body is an accomplished fact.
T a e Unionism
rd
All the above.studies' a re organized in
such m anner that each can be mastered
in a few weeks. We teach the teachers of the working-class.
Here is a model of trade union pamphleteering. I n the seven chapters into
which the 64 pages of this booklet are divided are combined deep research,
cool analysis of fact, broad knowledge of the industry and of its history,
unflinching determination to move men and conditions upward and onward.
From the opening ~ entence,"The supreme need of the railroad men at the
present time is a consolidation of our many railroad organizations into one
compact body," to the closing prophecy that in time the cozpolidated railroad
unions w ill "pit their enormous organization against the employing class,
end the wages system forever, and set up the long-hoped-for era of social
justice," there is not a dull sentence in the book.
Central School of Practical
A feature of the pamphlet is a beautiful cover, designed by the wellknown artist, F red Ellis.
II
All railroad groups of militazlts should make the distribution of this
pamphlet a special order of business, and see to it t hat all railroad
unions in their respective localities are plentifully supplied with it. Let
us have your orders immediately.
RATES :
Single copies, 25c per copy. We pay postage.
In lots of 10 to 200, 15c per copy. We pay postage
Over 200 copies, special rates.
To avoid delay, order quickly, as the present supply is limited
ALL ORDERS PAYABLE I N ADVANCE
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Send remittances to the
T rade Union Educational League
118 N. La Salle St., Chicago, Ill.
III
A Six p age weekly. Will fill your need
for a live, clear cut workers' newspaper. News, special articles, editor- n
ials. Cartoons by Bob Minor.
Always abreast of the labor struggle.
Special price to new subscribers
20 weeks for 50 cents.
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( Regular price $2.00 per year)
Writing in "Advance, " Solon De Leon says:
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Working Class Education
AMALGAMATION
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T H E LABOR HERALD
II
Books and Pamphlets
"Dictatorship vs. Democracy"
By Leon Trotzky
Just published. Cloth $1.00, paper 50 cents.
A book of tremendous value to workers
who realize - t he necessity of right tactics
in the labor struggle. Write for price list
of Workers Party publications.
THE WORKERS PARTY
799 Broadway; Room 405
New~o&City .
LITERATURE AGENTS, SPECIAL NOTICE
Because of the seizure of o ur.books by t he police in an
attempt to frame-up against me in connection with the Gary
train wreck, it is impossible for us to send regular statement$
t o those having accounts with THE LABOR HERALD. We are
therefore compelled to appeal to you to figure out your o wnpccount, on the basis of t he bills sent you last month, deducting any
payments made, and adding for copies received, and to promptly'
send us the amount due. . Remeinber t he September Herald costs
only nine cents par copy. We appeal to your. solidarity t o act
immediately in this matter axid t o remit the full amount due us.
When the authorities are making desperate efforts to destroy
our League and THE LABOR HERALD, the militants should
-. make reply by at least paying - their accounts promptly. W e know
you won't fail us in this matter.
Wm. Z. Foster
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NATIONAL CONFERENCE NUMBER
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THE ABOR HERALD
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Published monthly at 118 N. La Salle St. Subscriotion price $1.50 per year. The Trads Union Educational W e . Publiaherf
"Entered a s semnd-class matter March 21, 1922, a t the postoffice a t C hica~o,Illinois, under the Act of March 0, 1879."
Vol. I.
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No. 7
September, I 922
First National Conference of t~ z & t
he
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Trade Union Educational League
Chicago, Aug. 26-27.
First Day's Proceedings. Morning Session
'The Conference was opened at 9 :30 a. m.,
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August 26th, in the Labor Lyceum, 2733 Hirsch
Blvd., by Sec'y-Treas. Foster.
johnstone of chicago was unanimously
elected chairman.
-Upon motion the chair was instructed to appoint the following committees of three members each : Credentials, Resolutions, Organization, Finance, Defense.
Report of Credentials Committee
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~ G r otf Organization Committee
~ h Organization Committee submitted the
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following rules and regulations for the national
and local leagues :
T he Credentials Committee reported credentials of 45 delegates from the following 26 cities:
Milwaukee, Boston, Buffalo, Winnipeg, Montreal,
. RULES FOR T H E TRADE UNION EDUCAToronto, Guelph, New York, Cleveland, MinneTIONAL LEAGUE
1. This body shall be known as the Trade Union
apolis, San Francisco, Seattle, Los Angeles, St.
Louis, O'Fallon, Chicago, Grand Rapids, Pitts- Educational League.
2. I ts
shall . be o carry on
burgh, Cisco, Moline, Omaha, Kansas City, AS- campaign aimeducational t work within an intensified
of
the trade untoria, St. Paul, Youngstown. The delegation ions to the end that the natural development of
included many of the most active and influential these bodies to ever more clear-sighted, cohesive,
militants in the American trade union move- militant, and powerful organizations may be faciliated, and thus the labor movement hastened on to
ment. A do~ted.
the accomplishment of its great task of working
T he followinu communication^ were read :class emancipation.
AMALGAMATED UNION O F BUILDING
TRADES WORKERS O F GREAT
BRITAIN AND IREL-AND
London, England, August l oth, 1922.
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W ESTERN UNION TELEGRAM
Aug. 25, P M 6 13
P hiladel~hia.Pa.
Trade &ioi Convention,
Educational League,
Regret our inability t o send delegates to convention but can't refrain from sending you our
heartiest congratulations and wishing you success
in the work YOU a re undertaking.
Shop ~ e l e g a t e sLeague, Waist &
Dress Industry,
B. Baroky, Secretary."
Mr. Wm. 2. Foster,
Trade Union Educational League,
Chicago, Ill.
Dear Sir and Brother:
Many thanks for the copy of T H E LABOR HERALD you were good enough to send me together
with an invitation to contribute an article to this
fine publication. I enclose a n a rticle on the l i e s
you suggest and also a photograph which may be
useful. Best wishes for the success of your National Conference. Your movement is in line with
the most keen expression of working class educational life here. Please convey my fraternal greetings to the Conference.
Yours Fraternally,
(Signed)
George Hicks,
General President."
3. Only good-standing members of recognized
trade unions can hold office in t he League and participate actively in its business meetings.
4. Nationally the League shall consist of the following industrial sections : Amusement Trades,
Building Trades, Clothing Trades, Food Trades, General Transport Trades, Lumber Trades, Metal
Trades, Mining Trades, Miscellaneous Trades, Printing Trades, Public Service Trades, Railroad Trades,
Textile Trades, and Local General Groups. Each
of these national industrial educational sections
shall consist of militant workers from all the recognized trade unions in their respective spheres. Each
of them shall have a national secretary. Locally
the League shall follow the same general scheme
of organization, the various local groups choosing
secretaries and'specializing themselves according to
t he above named industrial sections. The national
league shall consist of four territorial districts,
(1) E astern States, (2) Central States, (3) W estern
States, (4) Canada. The boundaries of the districts
shall be determined by the National Committee.
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THE LABOR HERALD
5. T he League is purely an educational body, not
a t rade union. I t is strictly prohibited for any of _
its national or local branches to affiliate to o r 'accept the affiliation of trade unions. No dues shall
be collected from individual workers nor per capita
tax from organizatiops of any kind. . The revenues
of the League, national, district and local, shall be
provided through voluntary donations, meetings, entertainments, sale of literature, etc. No membership'
cards shall be issuea t o individuals co-operating in
the Leagne.
6. T he League shall hold National Conferences
yearly, a t such times and places as may be determined-on by the National Committee. The system
af r epresentation shall be based upon the local general groups, which shall be entitled to one delegate
for and from each local industrial section organized
in th& respective localiti6s, a nd one for the local
general group. Delegates shall have one vote each.
D uring t he nktional conferences, meetings shall be
held of the various national industrial sections to
map out their respective programs.
7. T he national officers of t he League, s hall consist of a Sec'y-Treas., and a National. Committee
composed of the 14 secretaries of the national industrial sections specified in Sec. 4. T he Sedy-Treas,
shall be the secretary of the National Committee.
He shall be elected by the National Conference. The
industrial s ecietaries shall be elected by t+eir r espective sections during the National Conference.
A sub-committee of seven, including the Sec'yTreas., shall be selected from among the membership of the National Committee, to act as an Adm histrative Council, selection to be based upon proximity to the national headquarters. All goodstanding members of recognized trade unions shall
b e eligible for the office a Sec'y-Treas.; the memf
bers of the National Committee shall be good-standing members of recognized unions in their respective sections.
8. Between ~ a t i o n a lConferences ;he National
Committee shall execute the national policies of the
League. I t shall control the work of the Sec'yTreas.; select the editor of the national o Ecial
organ, T H E LABOR HERALD, and supervise the
latter's policy. I t shall 'meet quarterly, or oftener
when necessary. When such meetings cannot be
held, the National Committee ,shall conduct its business by referendum.
9. T he Sec'y-Treas. shall be duly bonded with a
reliable surety company. H e shall issue annual and
quarterly financial statements in T H E LABOR
HERALD. His b d s s hall be audited quarterly
by a Finance Committe of three chosen by the
local general group in thg headquarters aity. Other
natipnal and local officials of the League handling
t h e funds, shall also be bonded.
10. These rules may be changed only by National
Conferences.
Rules for Local C e n s d Groups
Recommended a s basis for t he work s f local general groups.
1. T he name of this organization shall be the
Trade Union Educational Ldgue, local general group
of
2. I ts aim shall b e to car& o n a n intensified
campaign of educational work within the trade unions to the end that the natural development of
these bodies to ever more clear-sightcd, cohesive,
S eptember,
1922
militant and powerful organizations may be facilitated, and thus the labor movement hastened on to
the accomplishment of its g reat t ask of working
class emancipation. To organize all militant trade
unionists into local general educational g roups;-to
c arry on the work of amalgamation between the
various crafts with the aim of eventually bringing
each craft injo i ts natural- basic trade industrially.
3. No membership dues or cards will be used,only a special receiet f or subscription t o T H E
LABOR HERALD. (a) AIl subscribers to THE
LABOR HERALD who are also members in good
standing in some recognized trade union, and have
passed a local examining board, shall be considered
members in good standing. (b) The local generpl
group shall consist of members from all local industrial groups.
4. T he local general group shall elect o:i t he
first regular meeting in January of each year, a
chairman and a vice-chairman, a secretary-treasu rer (who shall also be the literature agent for tlie
local general group), and a sergeant at arms. On
the first regular meeting in January, the following
committees shall be elected: (a) -Educational and
Entertainment, Auditing, Rules and Grievance and
Finance Committees. (b) The Organization and
Membership Committe shall consist of the secretaries of all the affilisted industrial groups who
shall be elected by the members of each industrial.
group on the last meeting in December of each
year. In sections where oplly g eneral groups &st, .
these committees shall be elected by the general
group.
5. T he duties of all officers shall be those g enrrally devolving on said officer. The Educational a nd
Entertainment Committee shall have charge of all
entertainments a n d g eneral meetings of an educational character. The Auditing Committee s hall
audit the books of the sec'y-treas, and literature
agent of the local general group every three months.
And a t any ether time they may be ordered to do
so by the local general group. The Rules and
Grievance Committee shall handle a11 grievances and
assist when requested by a written call from the
officers in any lacal indui'trial group, to handle any ,
grievances of said group. This committee shall pass
on all rules governing the local general group. The
Finance Committee shall devise ways and means of
securing finances for the local general group.
Process of bringing charges against officers or members :-No charges will be entertained by the chairman of the local general group that is not 'presented in writing and signed by a member in good
standing in some industrial group where g roup is
formed. (a) Said charges must first be presented
in the local industrial group of the member *presenting same, or if of a general group nature, then
presented to the group through its local s ecretary
i n writing. (b) If the local industrial secretary or
the general group secretary is directly interested in
charges being presented, then charges must be
brought through some member of the local industrial group delegated by said group.
6. T hese rules may be amended by a majority
.
vote of the delegates to the local general group at
any regular meeting. A11 changes in rules must
first be referred t o the Rules Committee, who shall
make a report a t the next general meeting, which
shall be a called meeting.
S eptember, 1922
T H E LABOR HERALD
Another Frame-up Started
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T h e arrest of more than a score of m e n well-known for their
progressive views and activities in t he labor movement, o n t he
charge of violating the so-called " Criminal S yndicalist Lams"
of M ichigan, creates a crisis that cannot be ignored by anyone
c omerned e ither i n the maintenance of civil rights, or iqt t he
struggle of the workers for a decent standard of life.
T h e forces which engineered the spectacular raids, headed by
a notorious l abor-baiti~zg private detective agency, singularly
cloaked w ith t he mantle of Federal authority, are of the very
same charracter a s those employed by railroad o wners a nd coat
o pmators t o stamp o ut call labor unionism i n these industries.
T h e men u ~zder rrest are w ell k nown fop t heir efforts to strengtha
en the unions t h o u g h a malgamation of the craft organizations
and t heir g reater coordination i n the struggle.
Some of the men w ere arrested hundreds of miles away from
the scerze of the alleged illegal meeting. That the Chicago arrests b zvolve o nly m en active in. t he Trade Union Educational
League, and that its offices and convention were mode the scene
of spectacular police raids, shows clearly t hat i t w w a police
frame-up to h amper t he work.
Those arrested i n M ichigafi are charged m ith n othing f urther
than parliamentary d iscussio~land d ecisio~z. N o overt act of any
kiwd i s held a gainst them. Their opinion is their crime. Y e t
unless Labor becomes a ctive i n their behalf, l ong s entences await
them.
W e consider the M ichigan alleged S y~zdicalist case a grave
violation of American civil rights arzd declare that it bears all
the e ar-marks of a police c o~zspiracy t o suppress the work of
able and honest labor organizers. Everyone who opposes such
action on the p w t of the authorities should give all possible help,
financial and o thsm-se, t o the defense of those arrested.
a
All c o~ztributio~zsnd com.municatio~zs r egarding the defense
of this case should be addressed to
Emergency Labor , Defense C ommittee
R o o m 307, 166 W . W ashington st.
Chicago, Ill.
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7 Q r d s .of bilainaas. batislg o &uteo; of d elewtes in each l&al
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THE L A B 0R HERALD
prevbw meet*
hl call af ~ f f i c e r ~ BePQTt af
l
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sfficera. (a) &port of szefr-tmis., literatwe wWL
(b) Beports af swr&atics sf irtdwtrial g ~ t l p s . Cc)
Reports of st;mt&p c a d - ,
Restding of bills
and cmmunisatiatl~. dtti&ed business, New busU
iacss. Good r d the ~ sder,
1ndwW &:
a(
The O rpnizlhx1. Gomaaittse geeomen& tbat the
g a e ~ a l raqpr
g
o&cial camttiittee >or
tbeaselves for this p
number to set as
10-1
Report of Organization Gammittee adopted -
Report ofi the Na
T he report of the National C d & c ? was
submitted By the S&y-Treas. Before gaHg int o rr. d e t d d statement of the stmiding of &e
Sec"y Foster stated &t the m g d a t i o n
now has SO g reat an influence in the labur m v c
m a t that the powers t bat b e are determined t o
wu& itt. h e effort in ehis direction was the
departation of himself from Colorado and Wyoming by the authmities. V is has been lately
f obwed by a raid on the national &ice, supposedly ig t cmection with ta train wreck in
G y and W y by the arrest of several memr,
hem of the League relative to
~ u p ~ he d
olding-of a radical c a4~entionin Michigan. Inssmu& w tbere bas begn a defmse Committee
appainted to l w k into this "legdl' attack an_
the League, d W t e action o n ti matter wjI1
hs
no doubt be taken before the G nference adjaunts. He s t;lt~dthat a l&et h&d been aceived from the Civil Liberties Union, ~ siped y
b
N ew- Thomas, Roger Baldwin, Robert 1VTorss
L ovett and S ~ o t Nearing, pledged the mortal
t
and material suppmt of that organimtiog in this
crisis,
T he Sec'y-Treas. g am a brief hi&gry af the
dev-elopnennt of the geaeral idea a f tSfe League.
In the a rty days of the b e r i a a n hbar movement the r nilimt elements quite generally fuac.
t imed within the aaas a r p i z a t b n s . But along
abput 1 89 a dualistic teddency b e p ~o det
velop. Chi&y under the intellectual guidance
of Daniel D a w n , the idea began to spread t hat
the way t~ biuild a real revo1utionar)r labof' m ove
ment was & forsake t he conservative mass organI
izations rand ba s t a t a tlew I L O m dveaent T his
SB r
program acquired almost mmplete dondmtioa
among radieah ~ ~ landyo r&ati~n a fter
,
ion w~ b u p r a t e d t o put it in00 effect.
It is not too much t o say that v i ~ a l l yhe whole
t
revolutionary movement subscribed to this plan:
But i l h t 19x1a am developpent took place.
h r g d y influenced by went8 in Fmncle, an d ement Began t advowte that the rebels stay witho
in Ule old trade uflions. A t first this agitation,
furthered by T am M a n among others, manifested itself in the I. W. W., and there segmed a
change of sentiment. The general. consequence is running like wildfire. The whole mass of the
was that the Trade Union Educational League rank and file are stirred up over the proposition.
immediately took on great life and importance. All sorts of railroad groups, such as system federations, Plumb Plan Leagues, etc., have enWork o the Leagae
f
Active work in thk organization of the T. U. E. dorsed consolidation and are circularizing the
L. practically began in February, 1922. Live country about it. Particularly effective work
spirits were located in all the principal cities in is being done by the Minnesota Shop Crafts
. the country and then encouraged to form local Legislative Committee, which has mapped out
groups. These were the "r,ooo secret agents," a definite plan of amalgamation, published it it1
made famous by Mr. Gompers7 erratic state- leaflet fomz, and circulated it by scores of thouments in the capitalist press. At the present sands of copies, with the result that hundreds of
time, the League has groups and col;nections in local unions in the whole 16 railroad crafts have
practically all the important industrial centers gone on record for amalgamation. All the power
of the United States and Canada. It is carrying of a reactionary bureaucracy will never be able
on a militant campaign everywhere for the re- to stop the wonderfill at~lalr:amation movement
vamping of the present lacklustre trade union started by t he T. U. B. L. in the railroad industry.
movement into a genuine fighting organization.
Among the clothing workers the League is
Already it is wielding a decisive force in shaping also a power. It has its groups in all the unions
the policies of Labor.
in the needle trades. They exercise a profound
. One of the first movements in which the influence in the course of these organizations.
League played a part took place in the mining They are particularly driving at the wnsolidaindustry. During the big agitation over the ex- tion of all the unions into one body aad the espulsion of Alexander Kowat a strong sentiment tablishment of the shop delegate system.
existed among radical elements to split away
NaturaIly, carrying on this militant work, the
from the U M. W. of A. The League, with League is meeting with great opposition from
.
hundreds of connections in the miners7 union, the old guard. But this will 'be unavailing to
turned all its efforts to averting such a calamity. stop its progress. The conservative bureaucracy
I t is safe to say that had it not been for the is intellectually bankrupt. It has absolutely noLeague very serious division would have oc- thing to offer the rank and file to help them out
curred, which would have greatly jeopardized of their difficulties. With the labor movement
the success of the then impending strike. In the confronted by the greatest crisis in its history,
metal industry the League has been particularly the Cincinnati Convention of the A. F. of L.
active in the MachinistsL Union. It got behind could do nothing more than reaffirm its old
the candidacy of Wm. Ross Knudsen for presi- antiquated I ~ dI
eclaration against industrial
dent of the organization. Although Brother unionism, With the League proposing living
Knudsen advocated a very radical program, policies which the rank and file stand in burning
standing for all the T. U. E. L. principles, he need of, i t should not fear the opposition of the
polled approximately 15,000 votes.. Had the reactionaries. By stirring up the mass, it will
election been conducted fairly, he would un- compel the leadership to act whether it wants
doubtedly have defeated his opponent. I n the to or not.
,
:
printing industry, the League is also actively.
Organization of the League
pushing the movement for a consolidation of all
the crafts into one body. This movement is
I n founding the league considerable difficulty
going forward from one victory to the other, and was experienced because it was impossible to
will soon result in giving the printing trades assemble a national conference and properly
workers one of the most up-to-date organizations iaunch the movement there. Hence it was necesto be found anywhere. In various other in- sary, up to the opening of this Conference, to
dustries and localities the League is also very allow the Chicago local general group to funcactive. Its amalgamation resolutions have been tion as the national organization. It mapped out
endorsed by central labor councils and local the Rules, elected the National Committee, orHERALD,
audited the Sec'yunions a11 over the country. The latest im- ganized THELABOR
portant instance-was in the case of the Minne- Treas.' books, worked out the general policies
sota State Federation of Labor, which went on to be applied in organizing, and generally funcrecord for amalgamation despite the most vigor- tioned as the directing body of the whole League.
The National Conference will now take over this
ous opposition of the old Gompers' machine.
But, the greatest showing of the League has direction from the Chicago group and proceed
been in the railroad industry. There the amal- formally to establish the organization, giving it
gamation movement started by the T. U. E. L. a constitution, officers, etc.
A
w r k within tber Wade &om took place in qx6,
when the I nternatiad T rade Union Educational
h g u e was organized. This body set up a few
groups here m d h ere, but did not acquire the
vigor of the earlier Syndicalist League of No*
America. . It died shortly.
Sil another effort was made in Nouember
tl
1920,when the present T rade Union Educational
League: was organized in Chicago. For over a
year this body lingered along more dead than
h
alive, due as u s d to t e dlaalSe&ic attitude of
the rebel element. But then a tremendous
change took place ia this respect. Almost over
might the g e t body of revolutismry elements
ra
arrived a t the opinion t hat the old method of
setting up dual unions was wrong and that the:
proper place for t he militants i s among ,the
masses. The! e xperienm sf the f tbsi519 Revolution cmt;ributedg reatly t o this unparallelled
'
T H E L A B 0l H E R A L D
R
through an unsuccessful strike, marked by treachery on the part of the building trades leaders, a
split developed and an organization h o w n a s
the Rank and File Federation was created. Many,
animated by t he customary dual union ideas, put
great hopes ia this organization. But it has
disappointed the& almost completely. At present
the organization has approximately only 3 500
members, of which but rgoo a re paid up. Efforts
are now beiag made to bring these seceeding
workers back into the old buiiding trades unions.
In the metal, needle and provision trades, good
work is being done. Councils of the affiliated
organizations are being set up, strengthened, and
used towards educating and awakening the morkem generally.
On July 25th a nd 26th, the Pacific Coast District held its first conference. Delegates were
on band from San Francisco, Los h g e l e s and
Seattle. The entire situation was canvassed and
action outlined to bring about solidarity between
the workers in the various industries. It was
particularly pointed out that just at present there
9
was a splendid opportunity to organize the metal
miners all through the Rocky Mountain states.
The District Conference elected officers, who will
proceed to coordinate the work of the groups
all along the coast.
Del. Rogers called attention to the split that
bas taken place recently among the longshoremen. This grew out of dissensions in the old
organization and could have been avoided. Del.
~ i u d s e noutlined the recent struggles of the
metal trades workers and pointed otrt the efforts
now Ixing made to reorganize the scattered
ranks. EZle was of the opinion that if the League
had been established on the coast a year or two
ago, the splits in the building trades industry and
among the transport workers would not have
occurred. All told, the situation in the district
for the League is now good. The railroad men
particularly are taking to the League program
like ducks to water. It is safe to say that before
long the Pacific Coast District of the T. U. E. L.
will be a living factor in the western labor movement.
First Day's Proceedin.gs, fternoon Session
A
.
Report of Canadian District
,
Del. Buck stated that to get a f iir idea of the
Trade Union Educational League and its Canadi
. ian development, one must first realize what an
utter hash the whole trade union movement of
Canada is. Imagine -a vast country with comparatively small cities separa'ted by enormous
distances, with a total population of oilly 8,0ao,0 0 and only ho,soo actual industrial workers.
0,
Sectarian tendencies have been carried to a point
absolutely unprecedented. Only 313,000workers
are organized, of which 4 ,500 a re in the National Catholic Syndicate, 24,000 in the so-called
Canadian Federation of Labor, and the rernaining 244,500 a re split between 98 international
unions and 27 independent organizations of all
degrees of militancy, reaction and apathy. Split
by secession and rumors of secession, demoralized and weakened by distrust, the trade unions
during the past year and a half have been going
down t he toboggan & an alarming pace. Wage
cuts have become the order of the day and now
attract little or no attention. Outside of the railroad shops, trade union conditions have become
for the metal trades merely a legend.
Jobless &id disheartened, the rank and file have
been quitting the unions in droves.. During the
past year no less than 300 local unions, 10% of
all the local* ia Canada, have passed completely
out sf existence, and in metal mining scarcely a
trace of the former organization new exists. The
railroad shopmen, who until 1919 y ere the hundred percenters of the Canadian trade union
movement, were so hopelessly split until recently
as to almost coinpletely demoralize them. I t was
no uncommon thing in western Canada to find
four organizations .competing with each other for
the men of one craft in one shop, with resultant
utter conftasion and weakness. From being the
stronghold of t he militants and the vanguard of
orgmized labor in Canada, the west became .a
region torn with dissension and ;educed to a confused babel of freak organizations, and in many
localities the stronghold of, reaction. To some
extent the miners of Nova Scotia and Crows
Nest Pass I?ave escaped &is wave of demoralization, E Eorts were made by the 0. B. U. to
establish secession movements among them, but
these d id not take root. The miners succeeded
in maintaining their solidarity.
The League Comes to Canada
Del. Back stated t kat because of the enormous
expedse of carrying on a new movement in Canada, the T. U, E! L. started slowly, the first several groups perishing of inanimation. Finally a
few groups were started in Ontario and one in
Montreal, also one in Edmonton. Then, at a
meeting of the Toronto general group early in
June, 1922 the matter was gone into very carefully and it was decided that if the League was to
progress the message had to be carried to the
shops and locals, Enough rnsnsy was raised to
T H E L A B O R EXERALEI-
J
5
.
v
September, 1922
T H E L ABC R H E R A L D
This is a crying outrage a d a hbfot upofi American
civilizatbn. I t 1s a b itter crime not only against
the k e n imprhaned, but t he whole w srkiag ckss.
The Trade Union Educational L q u e h e r d h goel
sn record in definite protest a@imE t he matragm
perpetrated upon Mooney a nd Bflfhm and &mmds
their release forthwith. To this end, $ propuses r h
following action :
1. That we make the BIoan%y.-Bifli~acase a
burning i sam in all the trade miam with w k i ~ h
we are a m a d d , a nd that we lancdagfg strive to
'.
stir up tfie rank and file t a pgotast
2 m a t w e ~ g rall organizations mw &cb we
.
e
have any m ntrol s r influence t o send l (tfera @ the
Governor of California d mandiag t he nncuaaQtional
release of our imprisoned brothers. We madmlrx
in unmeasured terms the irndigerence a nd n e g l e ~ t
being shown by the trade union leaders generally
in respect of this case so vital t t he interests o f
a
organized labor.
II
w orkc~sin the country mast go further and make
the case a live and Burning issue throughaut t he
entire labar msaemenk.
We appeal t o the d e l w t e s of r h ~ irst Xatiansl
F
Canfsrencc of the T. ZJ, El. L, t o go back t o ttbeir
respective sr%;a&atians and s tir a p interest ita the
Maoney-Billin@ case. We also mrge that the delegates strive to increase the c kulatiozi of Tom
Mmner"s Moathfy, Mormver, they shaufd see to
i t t hat a Boo$ o f r e&o~utions re poured i nto &va
ernor %,teghend' &ice, demanding: t hat be release
t he prissngrs* W e appeal to you, the advance guard
of thc milttant labor mayeaLent of the future, for
a
concerted, i ntendied a edon in behalf of M o~ney nd
B iihgs.
Adopted.
Sa~~o-Viverre*N m
G
Whereas, Saceo and Vanzetti a re livina w d e r the
shadow of t he gallows, having been m justly canvicted on perjured evidence, aqd
Adopted.
Whereas, their only crime was in being M Md
Brother Craig rqreseating the & onq D
e- t o the working class by orgnnizring the claw-trodfense Committee sp&e briefly an the. M m q - den and oppressed workerr af t he New & g k d
Billings case. He bmn@ g reetings fmm the states, therefore be it
t
t he F irst atEonal G nfemnre goes
im'prismed brothers aad urged that tl?R Confer- ,onRresoked,asbatenouncing Nhe frame-up canviction
ecord
d
t
ence give them its undivided support.
of S ama a nd Vaazetti and p!cdga its e atire and
whole-heart& suppart in t he task of securing their
St9te~l~nt M ~ ~ ~ d q - B B i n g s
OD
6release.
By
7% X ikt Madonat G@$ereals;e sf the T rade n%k%
vswke*
E dtzblbtb~~c1
n
& its& ma
The F h t Na~jlal e r ~ t 3 w f &fra Trade WnW
o
mo%phered
artatert b+ sc
ion Edtpeatiozral Lama 8 m k m && 5% yil! n m t
B a t W s , - h ~ ~ad & w a d rdds, db&smea and gdkiw 5Qelf t a be esrrre8 fm its p q s m ~g an^
gt
b
9 d x , iinc-g
a
s w k s t a s . The bdle
g l B ~ m E B t b $mi
sna &a &W€d srt*emI
&wf&ItzmbrTaq s a w far t h s mk sad omairannwms p $otmdW iaauet
am burea,uct~qep&ed-by a n d
&x& ac*g a m r e s t & iii G W S * ~
&a&-'&-is b t & g t w a e n t , baclhffd;rds, The m f k e ~ s
h
cMd- d ~rfther$*tw a d .fka X. 8. D q a c m @ t &
I
j uaisa, BU d whi& h ( bur
*b
hfW@&am~l~,
n
to psemma tka a awly a d h i t f a 1 d el%wafiws d
-
.r;Lsio e rnwma~,
Wnd
Pr-dSta
ta q p r w s
h eiaea-mnwha
w"em
bka,Y-
rJam are m elw snd thee
a w & sw ke Frtslllt t r d s Wen mcrwmq*,
l ! % id
t t ae go
e
Adopted.
.
k w l w dcOafQrap by ;fhe r
J & E b w ed qszsiv
eomprittme.
The p raent situatfon qf the: Mooney-Billings case
F drtid Prioon+a
is unparalleled in American c aurt history, Alf h e
Whereas, there a re ovez 90 political p rismers
principal witnesses for the prosecution have either
f
confessed th having committed perjury, 61- have been con&ed in the various penitanthries s America, in
Gfiaitely exposed. Legally the ease has collapsed, violation af every principle of freedom and hutnanbut Moohey azid Billings a re still in jail. Under the ity, therefore be it
Resolved, th8t we emphatically protest against
laws of California a criminal case cannot be reopened once the record is closed, no matter b w this deplorable state of affairs, and call upon all
muck evidence of perjurg sad conspiracy is discov- militant workers to do their utmost to create such
a body of sentimtat t b t t he government will be
ered after the d efadant is sentenced.
The judge who sentenced Y aeney has asked that campe€ltd t~ release t he victims now so ttnjustIy
,
he be $ranted a new trial. Hi?l request has never kept b dttrwr.
Adopted.
been acted upon, t he courts C O ~ ~ B tSh J m ~ l v e s
e~ ~
powerless t o act. On April 18th* 1922, District AtI t w b EPnaiw RcIfeS
tarney Brady, sn6eie~mrt o the 90&3d0U$ Fickert,
Whereas, the warking i mssea of Russia have had
who railroaded these men t o prison, rcguestcd t h t added t a their already o vrrwhefdtig burdens the
Governor Stephens pardan both g risoa~rson the addidanal task of meeting a. most terrible famine,
grounds of proven perjury a nd f m d in t h d r trials. a nd
More than four months have elapsed since the &tjtrbtlretxs; the worker$ sf the en&e w ~ r l dhave
trict attorney made this request, yet ~ o o n e y na a vital interest Ip asaisGl;ing;their Russian brothers,
a
Billings remain in prison. h r e s ef labor e rgaska- W$B have Borne t h b ~ m of the: world fight against
~
t
tions have seque'stad t hat the govexnor t ake this crpStaliam, aed
actioa, but he refuged to stir.
Wherean, all relief from capitalist o rmnkat-iws
The s itupti~nis farther c om~ticatedby ttPa wttes i s a potential menace t~ t he rule of t he warkers
absence gf assistance on t hc p a t of the majority and 8 practical interference in t hdr a fkirs, thereof Califor&a~labor leaders. Had they r abed their fane ebie htd , that we call upon the trade u nbns af
R so i
voices in pretest in the beginning; t he frame-up
never would have beea succestzful, a ad today, more America to contribute ll'berally t o the various workthan six years later, we find them still i ~~di$erent, e r ~ 'famine relief o rgnizatiqns, and that we parif not actually worEng a minat tfie d tfmse forces ticularfy. commend to them t he work of the Friends
by endorsing Stephens for governor and m l & p
of S v i e t Bussia and the Trade Union Natioml
f ar his re-election, notwithstanding his: Lttitude in Cgmnsittee f or Rusriian Relief.
ehe M oaneyEiillin~case. The indiEcreaee of the
Adopted,
leaders is naturally comrnkm3.cated f a t he r ank and
Russian Waiksrs* RepuhIie
f ife with t he result that the defenrie fiflds itself haadiThe industrial workers of Russia, allled with the
czpped by a general lack of co-operation. The def esse is keeping up interest in the a s s t hrowh t he t oilh~g,peasants,have overtlxrown their oppressors
m e d i m of its general pu6Iicitp work and ifs o 5cial and established the first Workers' Republic, the Sm-. organ, Tam M ooney"~Mosthly. But t he militant i et Government of Russk. In spite of the 'backward-
o*
W& ept; Iri f w h
b
THE LAB(
The productive forces of capitalism are inter-
means s propaganda for drawing the trade unions
f
together.
Adopted.
. unemployment
must be attacked by all the workers,
There must be soli-
burden of continuously sustaining the workers usu-
e movements inance of the un-
Adopted.
Natianal Amalgamatiom C ohrencs
Polidcol Actioa
I n the daily struggle of the working class it is
found that the powers of t he government are tegularly used against the workers and in favor of the
capitalists. Hence, universally, trade unions naturaily t ry to exert pressure upon the goyernments of
their countries in erder to win them over or a t least
neutralize t h e a I n the United Sfates this natural
ipolitic~lmovement, ordinarily productive of highly
educational values,. has been thwarted and nzisdirected by the Gornpers' policy of "Rewarding
friends and purzishing enemies." This policy, which
hooks the labor movement as a tail onto the capitalist political kites, literally gobons the trade nnions. I t introduces directly into their ranks all the
corrupt influences of capitalist politics, besides keeping the organizations cemmitted to t he promulgation of capitalist economics. So long as it persists
the workers cannot acquire a clear understanding
of their class pbsition in society. A nd without this
militant labor o ~ganizationis impossible. Therefore,
be it
R esol~ed, T hat t he Trade Union Educational
League, in its first National Conference, uuequivocally condemns t he Gompers"olitica1 policy a s fatal
to the success of the trade union movement and calls
upon t he workers of America t o take the necessary
steps for engaging in a militant campaign of independent working class political action.
.
Adapted.
Shop Commitaer
Whereas, The prevailing system of local union
organization of all workers of a given category,
without regard to shop or factory units, leaves untouched one of the sources of latent solidarity which
should be brought?nto play in the life of the unions;
namely the natural cohesion of the workers on the
same job, and
Whereas, I t has be%n found by experience that 'a
system of organization by c ~mmitteesfrom each
shop, or each chief division itf each shop, combined
together to form the local anions for each locality,
has the eBect of reinvigorating the o rgantation,
handling the workers' affairs incomparably rxiore
efficiently, and of bri$ng
n ewer and wider elements into active pilrticipation in t he life of the
arganization, Therefoie be it
Resolved, T hat we support the principle of organization on the basis af shop committees, or shop delegates in all industries where such a plab ean be
worked out effectively, and we recommend to our
members: that such practical plans be developed and
the united support of them by all progressive elements be secured through the T U, E L
.
.
Adopted.
-
-
ment the necessity of amalgamation, and to lay plans
IndurtriPl Unionism
T he Firat National Conference of the Trade Union
Educational League declares whole-heartedlp for the
principle of industrial unionism. The prevailing type
of organization by crzifts no longer. can fulfill the
needs of the working class in its struggle for o
higher standard of living and more freedom. Cansolidation of t he workers along t he lines of industry
is one of the most imperative needs sf the present
situation in the ela,ss struggl?
..
,
_
-.I
16
, T H E L A B 0 1L H E R A L D
September, 1922
September, 1922
modern methods of production and sci'entific distribution of the goods thus pto&uced, t here would be
T he Trade Union Educational League m r e s s e s 1 9 excuse today for oae human being to be in want.
1
it5 complete sympathy and solidarity w ith t he strik- Yet we find in this, the richest country in the world,
ing railroad shopmen. T he railroad companie% t yp- hunger and want rampant, and t ke m ost apalBng
ical capitalistic . kploiters, have no regard whatever ignorance and degradation, unparallelled unemployfor the human needs of the workers. They are ani- ment, and a general social demoralization. Millions
mated only by their own greed. They want profits of workers on the street, millions of women and
and more profits, regardless of the fact that their children reduced to bitter need. Poverty and humilinsatiable lust for wealth means t he enslavement of iation for the workers, while the ~ a r a s i t i cdIe rich
i
the great mass of t he people. In self-protection the revel in luxury such as human history has never
workers m ast resist the encroachment of the para- known before.
sitical owning elements. W e note with satisfaction
Production for private profit, which, by its insenthat the shopmen a re developing a true nnderstandsate greed, its anarchic tendencies and its ruthless
i ng of the real situation and are defending them- disregard for the most elemental rights of its slaves,
selves accordingly.
causes these fatal contradictions, must go. I t must
But -we m ust also point out one great lesson in be replaced by a scientific system of production for
the present struggle. While the seven shop unions use and distribution according to need. The accomare valiantly battling the united exploiters, nine plishment of this task presupposes the creation in
other organizations, numbering some 1,000,000. mem- the minds of the workers of an ideal of emancipabers, have remained at work and a r e helping the tion and the development of working class organizacompanies in t heir fight against the s triking shop- tions to t he point where they can win from the
men. This is an inexcusable situation. Nothing b ut master class control of i ndustry and all which that
profound stupidity, or worse, on the part .of the implies.
I
I
trade union leadership, ie responsible. W e call upon
W orkers' control of industry must inevitably dethe nine c rafts still a t work to rally t o the support
Here is the revoluof their ,striking brothers, and we nrge the railroad velop into a workers' republic.
tionary ideal for the working class: W orkcrs' conworkers as a whole to prevent such a sad state of
a ffairs developing again, with part of their number trol of industry; production for use i nstead of profit;
working and the rest striking. This can only be ac- abolition of the capitalist system; and the institucon~plishedby merging all the railroad unions into . tion of a workers' commonwealth.
.
Adopted.
one body. The very life of railroad unionism de- '
mands that this be done.
Adopted.
Report o Defense Committed
f
T he R ailrod S trib
The Coal Strike
3
T he First National Conference of the Trade Union
Educational League congratulates the coal miners
on the. splendid spirit manifested by them in their
recent great strike. Never have the workers of this
country risen to greater heights .of solidarity, never
has the country been made to understand mare
clearly the debt that it owes to the toilers. Although
the struggle has not resulted in a complete victory,
a t least the violent drive of the "open shoppers" has
been checked. This in itself is no mean accomplishment in these days of black reaction. But this truce,
now coming t o pass, is only temporary. Soon the
employers will be on the offensive again. And when
the next great struggle develops the miners must be
ready to fight even more 'valiantly than they have
this time. By their gallant struggle the coal miners
have undoubtedly preserved the whole trade union
movement from destruction. Had t hey been fainthearted and had they yielded in the battle, the employers, tremendausly encouraged thereby, would
have raged against all other trade unions until the
movement generally was crushed. W e hail the battling miners.
Adopted.
The Workers' Republic
Capitalism must go. The system of production
for private profit, whatever justification it m ay once
have had, has outlived its usefulness, and today is the
direct cause of su'ch misery, crirne and social injustice, as history has never before recorded. With
R eporting on a letter received from the American Civil Liberties Union, signedl by Norman Thamas, Robert Morss h v e t t , Roger Baldwin, a nd Scott
Nearing, offering the services of that organization
to the League t o contest the action of the federal
and state authorities in arresting Foster for alleged
participation in a secret convention in PBichi@n, t he
committee reports that the offer be accepted and
thanks extended for the same.
T he Committee further r ecol~mendst hat the T.
U. E. L. t ake a n active part in defending all its
members who may be arrested it1 this deliberate
attempt af t he authorities to destroy our movement,
and t o this end it proposes that the Seck-Treas. b e
auhorized to raise a defense fund a nd t o k eeb a separate account of same, and that he take the necessary steps to engage counsel and to make all other
provisions t b asist in t he d efmse of any members
of the League who may be persecuted on account
of t heir activity in the movement. In addition, the
delegates to the Conference a r e urged to work for
p rotest meetings a nd o ther expressions by central
labor bodies in their respective vicinities.
Adopted.
The time of adjournment having arrived,
and as t he Chairman of the Conference was
about to close the session, several detectives
representing t he s tates' attorneys' office a nd
the Department of Justice, e aterqd t he hall
and took charge of the meeting, aiinouncing
t hat they intended t o arrest certain parties
present.
' \,
c
:!
I ,J
li
THE LABOR HERALD
The Raid on the Conference
(By M. M.)
T o get the full significance of the raid on the
Conference, one must review recent past events,
Since its inception but a short time ago, the T rade
Union Educational League has secured a grip upon
t he minds and vision of n ot only the radicals but
.
also the mild progressives in the A. F of L. I n all
t he principal industrial centers o f t he United States
and Canada the workers are reaching out for the
plan of the League and thousands of copies have
been sold of its official organ, T H E LABOR HERALD, not to speak of the great mass of other l iterat ure circulated. The whole movement has become
.
affected by its dynamic propaganda.
A larmed by the progress of the League, t he powers-that-be are d eterwined t o crush it. One of t he
first moves made in this direction was during the
recent western tour of Sec'y-Treas. Foster. The
latter was billed to speak in Denver on August 6th
f or t he local branch of t he T. U. E. L. About a n
hour b efore t he meting began, a nd a s h e w as r esting
in his room in the Oxford Hotel, three State Rangers,
a cting under t he direct o rders of Adjt. Gen. H am'rock, arrested hinl without warrant and spirited him
a way by automobile t o Brighton, some 29 miles
north. There he was kept all night, being denied
t he right t o c ommunicate with either lawyers or
friends. I n t he morning t he t hree Rangers again
t ook
in charge, a nd t he P arty w ent by a utomobile t o Greeley, where, in s pite of F oster's P rotests, h e w as photographed, weighed, a nd measuredAfter this outrage the Rangers then took him north
again b y automobile t o Cheyenne- I n Cheyenne
t he Colorado police, who w ere i llegdll~holding him
., o n W yoming t erritory w ithout a w arrant, l earned
t hat the Wyoming sheriff was waiting back on the
road 12 miles at the state line. The Rangers then
drove F oster back to t he s tate line w here t hey t urned
him over to t he s heriff- T he l atter, a typical CorPoration r at, instead of putting Foster on an eastbound
t rain as he was supposed t o do, drove him 100 miles
by automobile t o t he state line of Nebraska, to a
place called Torrington, where he dropped him on
t he road six
town. Foster,
his luggage
t he
t here took a train f or Omaha* w here he
in
time for his scheduled meeting.
T he general public was treated to lurid headlines
over this incident. H amrock boasted of his illegal
actions, s tating t hat "no law had been consulted."
But public opinion did not side with him. F rom all
o ver the c ountry came protests. F riends of f ree
speech and commion decency publicly o ffered their
services i n a legal fight against Hamrock. T he incident became a political issue in Colorado. And at
this writing there is a strong demand for Foster to
come back t o Denver t o speak a t a gigantic P rotest
meeting.
am rock declares that if he does he will
be a rrested t he moment h e Puts
o n Colorado
.. soil. There the matter rests for the time being.
This Colorado-Wyoming incident was clearly a
blow aimed a t the League. And it was not long
until it was followed by another. On August 20t11,
there was a train wrecked a t Gary, Ind. So anxious
were the authorities to disrupt the League that they,
without any justification whatsoever, made a raid
on its headquarters that very night, seeking evidence to connect i t up with the wreck. This raid
was staged in true Palmeresque movie style. Conlillg
like burglars in the night, an assistant states' attorney and a dozen police broke into the League offices
and ransacked the files and desks. So that none of
the effect might be lost, they came equipped with
flashlight and took pictures of themselves searching
t he office. The next d ay t he newspapers carried the
plot further by announcing in eight column headlines the connection they declared they had established between the League a nd the Gary train wreck.
They informed the trusting world that tons of radical
l iterature had been seized, pictures of Lenin a nd
Trotsky, confiscated, etc.
B ut t his a ttack f ared no better than the one in
Colorado and Wyoming. A fter examining the correspondence and other documents found in the
League office, t he states' attorney was compelled to
come out a nd admit t hat he could show n o conneetion between the League and the wreck. He had to
s tate t hat t he so-called tons of l iterature w ere no
m ore than a few letter files and the League's books.
T ~ U St his a ttempt a t a f rame-up cbllapsed.
Undeterred, however, t hose seeking t o "get" t he
League were quick t o m ake another attack. On
August 22nd, t he newspapers carried a lurid story
f rom Michigan that a group of alleged communists
had been arrested there a t a supposed convention,
a nd t hat a nother larger body had succeeded in escaping, Foster among them, and were then fleeing
t hrough the woods and sand dunes pursued by the
army. Meanwhile Foster, supposedly making a desperate getaway in t he wilds of Michigan a nd Indiana, worked daily i n t he o ffice of t he League. F inally, when swfficient of a sensation had been created,
t he police arrested F oster and held h m under $5,000
m
bond f or extradition t o Michigan, a s o ne of t he
participants in the alleged convention which was
supposedly in violation o f t he Michigan anti-sylldicalism act.
All t hese e vents created a n atmosphere o f t errorism, a nd n o d oubt t he a uthorities, a cting purely a s
a gents of the industrial interests, thought that the
T. U. E. L. Conference, scheduled for August 26-27,
be postponed. ~~t t he m eeting p ent ahead
exactly a s proposed. suite evidently even m ore
p ressure had to be brought t o b ear upon it, a nd this
was done by raiding t he hall w here t he Conference
was being held. Just a t the moment of adjournment,
t hree men entered the hall from the rear. A t all,
very t hin one, a short, s tubby one, and a burly,
heavy jowled one, quickly recognized as detective
sergeant M
~
D known f~ his under-cover ~
~
or ~
~
~
activities in t he I. W. W . a nd subsequent pari in the
t rial a nd conviction of members of that organization.
T he three detectives then combed the audience one
by one, examining each person present. The net
result mas t hat eleven delegates and visitors were
arrested and taken t o jail. There all were made to
run the gauntlet, during which they were severely
beaten. Later all but two, Earl Browder and Phil
Ahrenberg, were released. The latter were held f o r .
,
..
r
<
4
F
r
-
-
,ST*:
r-
r.
.
' '-
a m&&
TRE L A ~ . O R
T H E LABOR BEBALD
.
c lznfroatd with a
a d rehm
MCB S m nr eorrttstly: if t h e
Gta
i
o
D aIbw the ~lEfieiials t s%nmgctrfeW
I
o
ah- &to &srwtiag f i e q r s ~ k a~ d d
b
it i
s
p-filc;
t wig a&@% flta d l saeao-im
a
c
At
&O v a a g $
we have
G Q~~PQIthe
@f
k t m a d a It6frpemphIdl~t &aI sEolfa we de not
V
vdli br en.tip1alp dmmaji~l; %d ~ !
9
T h i s 38 beczaass rsf t ! aantiqftrb&
esenMtian p
h e a pd
b m &a aeiirr$CE t~
few d
d&t ar b :B ~ ~ ~ . & P B e eaei;tied
r' I
w
laifh
s m a t 8 m s tk~c ill
w
t w o ddwtra a p i w ~ .
be fmr men - eZ~m mll ~BWSI&trists segxe~eil*e
s
23 members with junk 8 5 mu& o I
3
f
and vake
aa the: faur men r q r e s e s t l q 10bW m Yark BBM
b w ~ . Watumlb the old maWae seeks the p q e t m a£ m& a con&tkia.
H ms B a~iqg2
t
a
hgw&g
mathex gaeseiora w ta whether
o arbt it
r
t degmtaeatalke
a
the, incfumsu
trader workms, B maer Wi&s sM:
We w&
hare a$e --%:a&
&as depart-
f i i ss LlZP:
~
aflaa~he
t
ifldwis or*&&
a m , a d e~rmtlftfer t'b9
p r e n a a , the eamxim$ the b a~kbiadws~k ut
eE
-
- matrtataliaed gs&l$g mu&
e& B
s
emfive
~
& o ac
~ar&
~ m~ld,ea r @raa*& W E b
~b
t
I
he
w Em m nld act f ox %hew h e t m-
&a
a
.
g R c amedoa with, the printing trades sit-do&, Dd. %per& Poagted out the rieral fiecmsit2 a& orgrrnlzhg the aewmriters. These
m a o aupy a a e q strategic pasition 111 s ~ c i a l
l ife a d grmt efXa+ta ghBdd be eqeastg;d tom ~&&
B&&g t hem witfiin the pale a the
f
b&~.lt ararreakt. Up &'&Gs.l;iniae very tittle
m
has Been dam in thi
grspkrw Utxiaa, *he
i s d i e s QVBE the &em ~ W I .
W
L ease* submitted the program af t he migtan0 dement in the cfothi~lgadustry. After
i
caagidedle diaasrioa, it wars adopied by the
Gcsnferaace 31e i gxlinted elsewhere i thinis
s
n
h dasw m . hra~a a ta the b ndereace,
gS
q
I wm g ~iakedgat t hat
k
the p ~ at
rb
p a r a ilg.Haw m v e r n e ~ ~ t s Cmeasian h we
03
sg -the l~a@sharctn&d and
detpc'l~pa
ElOtht& Atlantic and Pacific ma&
s aile~g _
folb*g
%helsnaucrczz@isfds bike movcmen-lf
in t he% tr°ades. A a, r ~ ~ ds t , e ~ s i o n ~
s
e~
have
develope$ & apmts o-f the dincantented
workers l.la~rlebetin a bsarhd b the 1 W: W.,
y
.
bore_iand there and v ari~w ther d ad uaiam.
o
But as 'kt as %he =in- bady of the tranWar4:
w ~ t " & e w e wncerned, namely, t Street car
f~
h
men$ team$tes$, Ctc., they mars 6@abolled bp
THE L A B 0R HERALD
,,
t he t r a n ~ p ~ &
work-
g enetd
American M QmQ*mc
~
p et a.$.waficed t o the p
their learnman i nterest
This mast nat be m mTp a weak affilistba tikg t he
s r r a n m m t , waicb p r o d n e e d mirely an ab k n d b tsleprgmr dwiog timu sf knrublg
hut a well-kdt o r p n i e i ~ a hfeh d q pzwicfr &pew
ciftcaur far jvbk skrika anion of t h tro bodieh
wh3t cauld a
dc~Iomc
slg9cPoe1* t h n a t
to be acen,sll tbrrough the -1
ritrih when t he milW C J T ~ ~ Z -d e d d l % ftrtr mile a care sf e-6
bS
s
3
uul. 03 t hdr mwn dehiment u nefl rr trt that af the
miners S P P ~ & = ~ l rtioo b the n ilrrud mon
~E
r
m"ld ha,pe
the -l @@ice in a
miSrre and the r&ilsaidt~wkera Y& be snited i.rr
M
one ermni-n.
2 R a t i ~ n ~ Agr~murta;"ESo dj&tzht a p ~ e - .
.
l
men;ntae musk be the s l ~ m naE the m ines. Coal
-mining i s EI, Isaaic nathn-al i a 8 u s e I and I t must be
ru@sd
-
-
-
&etioae&ring nlachioe go
tlte
in
tpmd
of
runningl
wwer,
ar*and the dinrigti plyins
rind seeldng to
dBveb
in kwgan o$: the adrrri&trath*
And
the
mtmble3 *q. in
fiack
&e
~w "$be DItlptemab
,hr
&& BtatG @$
k e_artremg*y
tg the
br
a;ta8
fils in
b4ilridu91
=painem
b
.
di.(rktr m dircctll elea
nrosaav
for their twritorp, Thr "p9-roll Fate.a
m t be a b B m e d i & uni&d
n
workegsf
o
America,
q
.
Seuc-rril dele
n the 8itmtim
ae-me%.t;zl 2aiag & strict
m
t;he ~ esrr. n
is
hmdJfd W
qo*iWtwGd@ 111 i ndugfn
a ndergone a stormy d;eVt~QPmcnt
B E - ~ Q ~ S ' armmats about c~mpafdfiaft r(aeen
b
cars# Orwfially highthe ~ ariau%fields. Their
Qr diistriot a g ~ l e ~ a i t m hdaring the past
~ J T~ r@niz*d, f r b~T Z kist 2me.tif:oUy ;&If
~
is f s m d d u3)on the de~ir-et a &id@ O w&rs.
&
They know Ekat if t hey can rees,2%bWt he system i ts wiL?ei@m. H ere sfid there i s a ~emmnt
af a!% &st& ~ tfjIr'~~lg the FW* are morkiig, of the 1ntl.tern;iPkgaI
whjIa
of Mine,
rSz;
the m e r of
Zfhiwd k f h g W ~ r b r i
bp.
farme-Jy
We&am Fedb a x d m-le lmiw 08Beall
aha' a tte+aand
.
of Mi
a pawesfa~ rmieatioa
o
@f the h s r w f a s &iFtriet q&rt!eopenta*ao m n &b
ay
There & aLo same sentimeat in the i g s p ~ t r ~
loluring &e big s ~rike,are agBats pf
emplwers
f or t he 1 W.W d thowh this body ha%ittle
.
.,
l
and traitor&$a a ~lr uma In t he early h 8.s
m
rnents weft! w d i : Betwetln Zadhidrsal ngemtwk a ad or .no .real o r ~ i = a t i a n ,ne a& H g Unirsn
- Q ;h
heal uniens, thea b~ stlb-bi&tr.riets, lrt by disMeks,. ~ k e w j s e ;rB a small gollqwmga .e
n
h
ipl
aoren
-
workers,
I
.
"
c GOmdttM
a
-
F
-
i
weatusllr hp I n@r-dfstri~ts~d 61salIr a n a h i ~ ~ a l
m
settlemaat aras arbvet3 at. 81 t b t w as prag~raemsin a11 agreed tIwt t he indazstrq. is now f s ~ s o l i n ~
1
t~ ~
the riBt d ireetia TB r etrmt naw $ram the gdn- a d f b t a s pledid o p ~ ~ ~ form r ip n i ~ ; a p.
c f ~ l ef national ogrttements ~ m j be a steg back- lion a s ~ t g - w n F- F"-,nnne, of Butte9 twas
o
d
ward and a disastrtracrs &stakeg tllerglly agreed rxpan as t he one man best
3. ~
~ O ~ a n g r a dm
~
am@&i$a: f t & iwILa11~~ CBpHe Of canducting OuL3hl .wlmpaiv, TIle
~
~
~
~
n=sxafy t b t pbns be laid to b rbg iatm t e mineDmiag ~ $ . ~ i ~ ~ &Bs linstmakd
~
@;anip8~tionhe great; am^ -.E)T_lrO-lt-unitw miners.
t
t c ~ o w h t 6 i e r it csrrild t o i n;awrate: a camd
D1xri-n~ e big # bike t hac taxverickt, w r a m w n ~
b
n*l o
tb one-tMrd a all d t l ~ r ~ hrwf~ned the c ~ u s P p ~ i f or a r ~ a ~ ~ i ~ aOi o n d brgachcs af
b
t,
p
t wn& l
with destrmtbn. Mort a thh u norpnimho has tlze metal miners,
f
'
3
,
.:
h'
Boot and S h a Trades
Del. Canter gave a partial report on the
oot and shoe industry of
e s tated that the propaganda
ion EducationaI League is
nd effect on the independent
u stry. B ut a short time tiewas for them to split and
different factions developed.
Now, however, due largely to the League's
work, a new spirit of solidarity is showing itself. The independents are getting together
t o f0r.m a n ew organization, t o be known as
the AmaIgamated Shoe Workers of America.
This body will start out with a fair-sized and
militant membership. Likewise, considerable
of the former bitterness against the A. F. of L.
union, a feeling bred from many unfortunate
experiences in the past, is now disappearing.
Instead of wanting to destroy the old organization, the sentiment is now developing for
an amalgamation with it. Sec'y-Treas. Foster
stated that he had received a very complete
report on the unions and recent struggles of
the workers in this industry, but unfortunately could not present it t o the .Conference because it had b ees seized by the police during
t he raid on the League headquarters. By a
motion, t he conference instructed the incomi ng National Executive Committee to get in
touch with the militant elements in the boot
and shoe industry, in order that a practical
plan of operation might be worked out to
produce the necessary solidarity among t he
demoralized workers i n t his i mportant indust rial branch.
Textile 1 d u ~ W
Sec'y-Treas. Foster reported that some t wo
weeks before the opening of t he Conference,
he had 'received a complete and authoritative
w rite-up of the complicated situation i n t he
t extile industry, but that report, like the
one on the boot and shoe industry, bad fallen
i nto the hands of the police, hence it could n ot
be presented to the Conference. Del. Canter
w as then called upon t o give a g eneral view
of the situation in the New England section
o f'the industry. He stated that the textile ind ustry i s one of the t wa m ast i mportant in
New England. There are a number of indea s well as the static a rganizapendent
tion affiliated t o the American Federation of
Labor.
same g et-together spirit manif esting itself in t he boot and shoe industry is
also a t w ork a mong the textile workers. The
need for a consolidation of the scattered forces
was strikingly illustrated in the great textile
s trikes. These were conducted pr.incipally by
the United Textile W orkere (A. F?
L.!,
of
21
One Big Union, and Amalgamated Textile
Workers. The One Big Union s ~ c u r e dquite
a grip in Lawrence, Mass. This is a radical
center, and has had a stormy experience w ith
unionism. In the early days the old United
Textile Workers had big strikes there. Then,
in 1912, came the historic walk-out of t he
I. W. W. A fter that, in 1919, t he Amalgamated Textile Workers succeeded in winning t he
support of the workers and leading them into
a big s truggle. And i n 1922, i t w as the One
Big Union to which they principally a ttached
their hopes in Lawrence. During the recent
strikes much jangling took place between the
rival organizations. This bitterness reached
the point w here the organizations picketed
each other's headquarters. Now due largely,
to League influence, a better spirit is developing a mong t hem. A b ig wave of amalgamation sentiment is spreading over the indhstry.
T he workers are tired of the old program of
s plitting away and forming new groups. They
now want t o affiliate together. So far this
amalgamation sentiment has not made the
best headway in t he United Textile Workers,
but the determination it3 t o see to it that tthe
militant workers penetrate this organization
a s well a s the independents, so t hat i t can be
infused with the new s pirit, On motion, the
National Committee was instructed t o t ake
the necessary steps to work out a definite plan
of consolidation in this industry.
Food Sndustry
T here being no delegates from this industry
present a t t he 'Conference, the discussion of
it was of a general character and inconclusive.
It w as recognized that t he broken-up condition of the unions, with several independent
organiza'tions o perating in competition with
the A. F. o f L, body, that the question of developing a united front is a real problem, one
that can a nly be worked out after a careful
consideration of the situation. Accordingly,
the National Committee was commissioned to
survey the industry and to get into t ouch
w ith ail the militant elements possible preparatory to enlisting them in a definite work
of bringing about solidarity and organization
of all branches of the food werkars.
Amusement Trades
No delegates being present from this indus- .
t ry, the same course was taken as in other industries where no definite survey was before
the conference. The matter was referred t o
the incoming National Committee to work out
a program. Del. W alker urged that the moving picture industry be given consideration
when such a p rogram was b d n g considered,
I
THE L A B 0
and to attract the still outektndinp crafts, i t departmentalized itself along t he Haea 65 t he British
un-ions ment4oned above. The fallowing are the
departments
established: (1) Architects, engstineers, technicians, f ~ r e m m tsrvegers ; ( 3Zxcauas~
Z)
t i p workers, tunnel. workers, e t ~ (3). Building ma;
kari%l werkers, cement workers, brick makers, lime
M n workers, quarry m en; (4) Stone cutters, stone
setters, rammers and pavers, asphalt workers ; ( 5)
Elricklayers, masons, plasterers, t ite layers, concrete
workers, m m i c workers ; (6) Trades eugagged in t he
instiillation for betit, O h t and w ater; (7) Carpent e n and other wood workers; (8) Rocifera and C h i ney s weqers; ( 9) Paintem a& ddccorstora.
The German Bnilding Trades F ederadm is now
carrying QB a a~goa~orrs
campaign far contgIete amalgamatioe s t he several w arts still otrts&nding
f
Some of tbaq notably t he painters1 have voted to
go along m*th t k proposition. B at tBa carpgnfers,
a re the brg strunbling block. T h& a f c k % a re fighting t he prapasitian t w t h and nail, But t he heads
Worrsrr' union , '<
of t he a m ~ I p t s a t e dqrm-tiam
s t r ~ c arrying on
the campaign for solidarity r e w d f e s s of them. AIready they have succeeded i witmizag tke swppart
n
trf many of the local orpniZa*ns
of carpentars,
Recently thieir official psper declared: ""The cause
of delay toward amalgamation h a generaUy beea
t he permnal a ppodtioa af u ~imn fgEia1~. Amalga0
m a t h m o t e q e , i f not with t h m tkm 38 spftc
s f .f&mpn
A a s h OF
Pion
As gar% as W3 t he
greater sofjdatity
amang the. bullding t rades werkms prras e ~itlcnfand
Drl. 0 Sl Tolemoe s ameedd in b v i n g the lie8ttlc
.
f
Convention 00 t he B 1 i Trades
d dw
*
t he A, F, of L m dorsc the pzineipl
.
tion in a r e s o l u l i ~calling f a t he fusion of t he
many building trades unions hto s;k g ~oupr,uiz,
B das~ngsaup, Iron p u p , P ipe F itting and Power
group, Building FMshirsg group, and Woad WorWng
proup. Nad this tmolutioa beea put into e E~et, he
t
whole history of t he building tr8des 8trug.gle would
have been differeat, But a s it was not, we have suff m d it~cording1y. W hat w e m est do now is t o
proceed aabstamtk11y a hng t h e lines indicsted .by.
t he Seattle r eaalwha, hy jdjoiaing all t he buiirl'mg
&ad@ anions i nto one body cansiatine: a ef anumber
f
of S P C C ~ dm&ptmmts, besed upon t he same
J~~~
prinezples as tkose crf tfsc Eump.erm unioas abave
noted. W peoposs the PallwIreg graapTng of the
e
trades ia these d qrPtments, n ss s blue prigt prop&
osition to Be followed maetb* but as an hdieation
o the general w ursc t o be r % k a Wbt?atmr two
f
srpnizzrtioas have w t e d f ar ~ml@mt;m,
these
two ahauld irnmediatelp jpin togsthw and s et the
example f or the others, TIIS pramad depvtrnents
am:
I
I
I;\
(1) Enifding M ~ t e r h I gpt., b rhlanakw, qngrry
D
ments in colamon would be simplified an& conducted wurkers, m o e l it workt;rs,
mea; (23 B ddinjg
Finisheke aad M a i n t e a a o ~frepr, painters, paper
hangers, demzators, g hzlers, art glass wrctrkers, eomp ositbn tiaafers, asphalt, slate a ~ l d le m.aofers, janid
tors, Clkaatw m ratars, frank d esner$, d ~ i ~ l d o ~
6 Through smglgamation a solid basis could be - h e r s ;
.
0 r l\tr&wI UYiLsg a nd General La1
established f ar t he sociatiartion of the building inBept:* ggehert~ll ah~mrhwreckers, sewer and
t urn& minftrs, tmmstm#;
Wmd 'Working Dept.,
carpent ws, cabinet ma&=, lathers* pile drivers
(5) Pipe Fitting. and P awer Depk, asbestos workers
electrical workera, f ixtam hangers, kclisting ensin-
-
e r ~ i b n vements, the organization of the h i l w a y
w
bows and arrows.
EmpbyeesP Department, the agreements behveen
the f oar Brothsthoods, a d now the consolidation
af t he $ of li. 3 . with t he B. of L3.& & W e must
o
3
fall i nline with t h 9 process and reco&niZc its inessa$&&lle onCtWn, which is one union f ar all tailc
Po+$ wmkgr9, : O w task is to work ce;rsclessly for
;ta eer%''st$tg?~ i ndst upon the amalgamation
ofs'fhi: se&Wm ~ ilpoad otims into one mighty, allu
.*
helusixe 'orga&zation.
Swme B d 5 of A dzamation
&fan$ advantages would c s m ~ o t he workers
t
itlirewh a generot merger of t he sixteen w iona
Chief of .these, of course, would be f ar g pwtsr in&strial power. Amalgamated ~rganizationsa re alwaps infinitely- stronger than federated bodies. The
p e a t war furdished a striking illastratian of this ~ ~ ~ c i p A e first tbc Allied a rmia operated praclt .
ticallp' a s otltanamous' wits, Rut there was too
much confusiaa and too tittle ~ w e r ,l h m ~ressp
ure won forced thsm t o f ederate' But even fhi-s
did not give the smaoth working m e c h ~ m ecn
essary €0 concerted action and t n h a P O W .
So finally, when it seemed as if the qar was almost
lost, they all had to amalgamate into one body o lder
one general staff, This brought results. Thereby ,
the streqgth of t he combined armies was treoled or
quadrupled, and the fate of the h t r d Empires
was sealed. Bnd s o it would be were t he railmad
unions amalgamated; their present strength is hard- .
b an indication of what their s e a t might &en
would be. It would be the: old r tory over again of
the strxnds of hemp, which, while separatk, art
easilp broken, but which, bound together i nto a
-rope, a n n o t be tofu asunder. Comple'te s a@ &l m
tion would give the railroad workers many times
the power of the przsrrnt m ift unions. Anoth.er irapbrtant benefit of amalgkmation would
be the elimination of jurisdictional disgqte3 betweea th* failsoad trades, For years these internecine q wrels, a cancer of the labor mavm@,
have sucked the life-blood of railroad Labor, while
the companies have chuckled i glee. But amalma
mation, the broad highway t a solidarity, WDuld p at
a speedy end to them. Once the railroad workers
w e all in one argxmimtion, there would never again
be s e w t he sad spectacle of oae group of trades
working while the rest are striking. That disgrace
would be gone forever.
! US& Ehe SopP
f
d
i
We must look the situation squirely in the face
and act accordingjy. There ia one way, and one
w ar only, in which we can defeat the offsndte of
the companies, and that is to develop our full power
by thoroughly uniting o w own forces. We must
bring about unity d action a m n g t he entire army
of railroad workers, from the mgineer to the section
hand. Like the employers, we will have to act as
a solid body all over the country. To do this requires iplperatively t hat we draw together our s mttered a ~ divided forces into one .enormous organization of all c Ias~esof railroad workers. Such, a
gigaalotic combination w odd Pot only st09 the "open
shop" drive of the compaaies, but it would also nnable the y orkers t o forge ahead to new Conquests,
I t would 'be invincible. With t he I M railroad'
m)
,O
wprkers standing unikrd and making common came
tagether, there would be no industrial power 14 the
-try
a b h to w iWtan4 them. The creation of
t h b powerful organizatioq would begin a new era
of accomplishment8 not only for r d r o a d workers
but for the whole k bor movement.
Such a great railroad union would B sti'ictb
e
feasible. Tbe employers have been able t o combine the financial and technical sides of the industry.
Surely, thea, the workers have the iatel&ence t
o
S wItdUi~, E,
&
*
lZacme~sap
unite the human side of it. Indeed, the best proof
A f urther advanwge of sxna&asmtion would be
t hat i t can he done, is the f act that in many coun- the practical %il*
of dual u nio~ism. The longtries the railroad workers a re already organized in rtanding tendency of s e c h s of workers splitting
single grwt unions covering. every eategofg of the o g from the unions a nd starting l m b odie~i a
a
s
service. All that is needed is the will, and a little serious menace, It ha* weakened the n nbns m atk rse sense. Yet the thing must be gone at intelli- l by withdrawing tliowands s g o d w o r k s E
y
f
r
m
gently. To simply desert t he old uaions and to tr;r them. So seriocls is this menace that same day, un. to or@tl$e o e n d a perfect o ~mnization,s a fatal less it is ch%cked,i t may burst forth int0.a devastati
mistake. That way lies dualism, &ruption, and ing confizgration t hat will destroy railroad uniondemoralhatioa W e mqst act ia accordance plrith ism altegetbex. D u d unionism is peculiarly a distrade m ion evolution, We must stay in our crld ease of craft unionism. E\gy t he most p art i t is a
unions and work d iligedy t c~merge them together striving, however ill-advised, for greater solidarity.
through amalgamation. For almost forty pears the Amalgamatian, by achieving this solidarity, would
railroad organkatians, in a hundred d i e r e n t ways, d edroy the vwtry foundations of dualism. The launchhave been gradually uniting their forces and ex- ing of a general a malgamath would be the signal
panding their fight*
front. Their ultimate, in- for most, if not all, s f the independent organizaevitable goal is a solid organization of all workers tions to j oin forces wt it.
ih
'in the railroad industry. That is the real m n i n g
Still another advantage of a ~ l g a m a t i o nwgutd
of the developmwit of the system and &vision fed- be great financial economies in t he operation of the
.
. .L '
L
'
THE LABOR HERALD
P R O C ~ S SOF A M A L G A M A T I O N
FIGURE 1-PRESXNT
FIGURE 2-FIRST
STATUS QF UNfONS
STAGE O F AWALGAMATIQN
FIGUaE S-mNfi STAGE OF AMALGAMATION
_,a
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.
28
THE LABOR
t he companies, and which would have cgotrol of
their strike activities. The greater part of their dues
they would pay into t he
union, a s-it
be the most active in their behalf, but they .wuuld
also continue to pay a portion of them into t he old
c raft unions, to help fi;qaqce t he l atter ih t heis battle
t o m aintab good conditions for these trades in other
industries. T hat is to say, they w oild - have a
double affiliation, belodging t o both t he rafioad industrial union and to thail: respective c raft worn,
t o correspond to their double interests a s &&bad
workers and of
who a re likely a t a ny
time t o be workiqg in other industries. This F'inciple i s in harmony with the best practice a ll over
' the world in working o ut this problem Insfead of
injuring the type of unions of which only one p q t
of t he membership work on t he railroads, t he mal@mation proposed would actually s trength= them.
There a re
a@@;ainstmalgamaa
tion, but there are a hundred reasons in favor of ii.
the
On the
even the
have
gain by =rering
their S~~~~~ Organizations. F urther Progress of railroad workers
a s a whole depends upon t he realization of a penera1 a malgamadon,
*"
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,
i
''
HOWto Bring About Amalgamation
,
,
-*
-.
H ERALD
Septqbber, 192%
I
h p l t t i n g the & y l g m S o n
-.
F3gur.e ~ 'indicatnst he s itwtion
* ~ u l d py;t?el
a&er t he sixteen executives had been combhe* i nte
0°C body*
d one thi: r est d & .:iekB
fi2-j t he m s i ~ of +he amaL;;r=,@xn
n
$ff%&
4
~ ~ O U aItlifi6ations <af t he organizationsZ,&&@& p rorS
ceed in a slow a nd oal'id$d faSb30n.
bmissio~
m ight b e ap@~tt?d t o c o n d ~ ~ t " i &~ .
b r%duall~t he
d aboxate organizing . f ~ c t swo&%%e joined .tog e & ~nto-.oa.e m e c h h s a a nd-the many journals
i
c~mb@t?d"into one ,powetful publication. Likewise
t he system- and division 'federations would be
c h n g e d a nd expanded in ~ ccordancewith the new
refatib4ships. B 'u~m ost f mportant of all, t he bar';en between the various cdosely related t rades
woi.'ld be gradually dissolyed, mtionally and locally,
a nd t he number o f d e ~ a r ~ a reduced. A t first,
ts
a s we have pointed out,
sixteen organizations
could a ct a s so many &partments o f t he genera1
organizatioe B~~ as the amblgamation became perfected a nd t he t rades came t o know a nd understand
each other better, maay of these departments could
be merged to good advantage. l-he ~~~i~~~~~and
F iremSqndght be combined into one department;
t he Goadnctors, Trainmen and Switchmen into a no ther; and as fast as the metal trades unions amal' gamated nationally their respective departments in
t he railroad unions would be consolidated accordingly. Eventually the number of departments could
be reduced probably t o a s low a s s k , viz-: En&=men; Train Service; Train Control; Office, Station,
F reight and Express; Mechanical Trades ; a nd Maintenance of Way.
29
'
I
LnD:
-
That we f avor the amalgamation
covering
the entire railroad
+
.
to
I
p ut this amalgamation into efFect.
411 Dakota Building,
St. Paul, Minnesota.
ac
r:
T he actual amalgamation of t he sixteen railroad
unions will involve a great amount of preliminary
educational w ork T he membership generally must
be made to clearly understand w hat the project
means. W hen t his is done, they will be f or i t wholeh eartedy. T he tactical goal of this educational camp aim should be the calling of a general convention
FkYure 3 illustrates t he completed amalgamation,
of the railroad unions, a t which all of them should
W e make no claim that it is absolutely exact in
be merged i nto one
body. ~h~ diagrams
a ttached herewith will help us t o understand some detail. Experience may demand its modification i n
of the moves t hat t he convention w ouldpobably . certain minor respects, s uch a s. changes in t he fineup of the groups in the varfous departments, o r in
have to makc
t he manner of election or the number of members
F igure 1 shows t he Present unorganized s tate of on t he executive council. But t he general principles
our unions. Even a glance a t it demonstrates clearly of t he plan will stand. T he system of one union of
how i l l - ~ r e ~ a r e d e railroaders a re to make a several departments, each ,containing two or more
w
united fight. T hink of t rying t o map out a unified related trades, and with one executive council covpolicy agilinst t he solidly organized companies ering t he whole organization, is the only possible
t hrough t he tnedium of sixteen d ifferent executive means for t he railroad workers t o develop the soliboards, a utonomou~and independent of each other,
a nd unity of action necessary t o cope suesave for faint "understandings" among the Brother- cessfuIly with the mighty a m b i n a t b n of railroad
hoods a nd the unsatisfactory alliance of the shopmen in the Railway Employees' Department. This
thing is impossible on the f ace of it. So long as
If all the sixteen unions cannot be induced to go
such an unscientific condition exists, the railroad into t his project simultaneously, a s many as posworkers will never be able to pat up a united front sible ahould b e brought in. The plan fits partial
against the companies. The first task of t he amalga- amalgamations as well as a complete merger. If
mation convention would be to end ahis deplorable only a few of the t rades a gree at first to amalgas tate of affairs by literally breaking down the walls mate, they can go right ahead organizing themselves
between the executive officers of the various ulions. on t he departmental plan and awaiting the time
I t,would have to provide for the election of an when the rest see the light and come in to comexecutive csuncil t o represent all the trades, and plete t he organization. In fact, we should do m eryt o consist of two or three members from each or- thing possible to further all movements to close up
ganization participating. This would bring about the ranks of the railroad unions. Movements to conunity in the administration and enable the workers solidate t he Brotherhoods and t o bring them into
to stand together as one body. Merging the execn- the A. F. of L t o amalgamate the metal trades, to
,
tives would in itself constitute half of a malgam- s trengthen t he Railway Employees' Department by
tion. W ith that accomplished, the sixteen organ- giving it more money and authority, etc., should be
izations temporarily could be left practically intaCt, b e heartily encouraged as s teps i n the right dircceach to function as a department in the gcneral tion. But in doing such detail work we should never
railroad union, and each maintaining its own stand- forget our ultimate goal of eventually bringing all
ard of dues, benefits, e t a
t he existing railroad unions into a joint convention
YOU
were secession movements
organizations which had no
. ;The
m ass
O N TNIS PROP-
regoing amalgamation
n1a.n a t the earliest possible dzte, and to this end
it advocates the following practical measures :
I . T hat amalgamation committees shall be
on an intensive work
1
,
C
'
the present craft unions
Likewise you must discount & arguments Of
those who say that federation is the highest t ype
of organization. Now, federation is all right so far
i goes. ~t has done much to acquaint t he trad=a
!
with each other and to teach them that they have
a common fight to make. But it is only a n intermediate stape between t he primitive staft. of c raft
isolation and that of the final amalgamation of all
trades. W e must go on beyond federation and actually join all our unions together. That is the inevitable course of labor development. This is corning t o be better and better recognized. Within the
last couple of months the Chicago Federation of
L abor together with scores of other central bodies
and hundreds of local unions, have endorsed the
~t their recent couvetlof
tions, t he International Typographical Union and
the Brotherhood of Railway Clerks did the same.
Likewise the B. of L. F. & E. have just decided t o
fuse with the B. of L. E. M any other organizations
will soon take the same course. Amalgamation is
now t he greatest issue before Railroad Labor.
Amalgamation is the only effective answer Railroad Labor can make to the "open shop" drive. Indeed, t he issue is clear and sharp. F or us i t is either
amalgamation or annihilation. Which shall i t b e?
It is up to you to determine. W e are confident of
your decision.
Discuss this matter in your meetings; take it UP
through your international journals; instruct Your
officers and delegates to work for amalgamation
wherever they may be; have your local unions, local
federations, system federations, division o rganka-
'
T hat the thousands of local unions,
system federations, etc. that have endorsed the
plan insist
the
of all the c raft
union journals to a discussion of amalgamation.
3. T hat a special weekly publication be
established to &rry on and systematize the
propaganda f or amalemation of the railroad
unions.
4. T hat vigorous efforts be put forth looki ng to the taldng of referendum votes in
the respective railroad unions for the calling
of a general railroad a m a l v t i o n convention.
1f these meanrres are
intelligently
and aggressively i t will be only a short while
until the great body of sentiment for a3nakgV-mtion now existing among the railroad workers is
amplified and organized so that it will lead direedy to the achievaent of the inevitable and
indispensibie goal of the merging of all the railroad unions.
2
.
-
T he ~ ppearance o f T E ~ . B O RH'RAL~ ww
~
deloYed by €he police r aas, in addition t o the
delay c awed by amaa'ting the results of the Not iond Conference. Readers w ill pardon the %aaz~oidableinconvenience,
yest
that
fiothirzg but f i y t h ~fitef'ferefzceo f the same kind
i
w ~ Z Z c ame delay i% the ficture.
-
'i
l
q?
i
*
-
a-
THE L A B O R H E R A L B
Jj
#&I
P attern
r$* W
t
Workerr. E k r l r i d G o r h q
E bvator %stewtor&
pundry Ekaplweest S tatimam &
I
gineers, S ationary Fireman; ;FdetaJ PolisheseI Stov: Mounter%
Auto and Atr Craft ~ b & e r s . M ecbnicd Eusrgmeers and
Draftsmem* Jewelt~l W wkds, W ~ t e k aik~lrftd many other
M
organi-aatbnsunions, nw r ais a hundred and 'me W erent ways
All t aese of s i o i mgortsncc.
s imu~taneousi~, reate Cbafusion worse amfcru4dc.d. C h c
tlgde* f or a moment a g mup of atusieisna, 4 t h v b l b q drums;
horns, chrionets, harps, belle. etc.. and, soeb perfarmer
- f+
p e m usk, orihilut ~wi h e r r o 8 d
E it, q
t t i m hmevw he
-.
I teel Workm.
S
E k s&inery a n& z n&e
BuW&~
Under such circnmsltonces
insane asvlum.
'ktd ane union **kin&
t hs o thers stay
a pj~gli, and n evw r imperatlag on
when & q_saqe
ia a fi&t amthpsrelvcu.
'
t m l v f o r %a
waft d a a i s m
b would be able tp
far more
Ts 'jq a s f&h,
at& craiifts
E Y~w.
L.
helisvable.
The '~"arbua ewer waft @~a# whtch a*mdmmgted i nto
$
the Germ& Metal Workma' T m %a& r muitiwde of inM,
t o s uch a m ibn: s urancr and f r a t 4 f wiku~er. Te mcnlttserate a ll t ke &@'~cwute
.*
+ercnS $cheers8 r rS due% prern%uraa, mm~$wd unemploymwrt
f
Wwrights
beaefits, a& a f W a mule makk 8nr+ dirrsy- Y t t hem w r m
e
~ c w p.Lc0i. P w a h R Dluinf..~
l
all hatsdlc4 wfthaut the l u s t W m b , 4
lees t han halY
Bgolskrs, l r a s g h ZCC.
,
I z8,Wl
the atigiaal d
a a wanrte fmteraat bmmfit deP attern X akers
%'f,EtO
p&xbment, B m
uggest that A mdcon brains are
BIackglshi.~ht, For* -B&mnpzr, ddern
W
E Zla4ZI
g r Of inkl&ent m g m h a e w ?
~~
B oil~1wIrws
T&WS
T
tb
EItr:tr%aaa
~ , ~ 6 4 he objkstiara fh& o ~ ~ a l g a x n a 05 the metal taa&r a d
w d d spLiP t he craha a d brwk asunder
M etd BlI$hErs, B e e f $ , Grindera
#@,'1135 raQroad t r&g
of 1 8 . k ~ . i s rWculotis. T gp
Wet% Tmdm &.preakjees
,
. BII.691 variDus a aturd -binst-Lons
wortld
J twelrx Workera ail w ades
R T M metal workers, oa tPLE railigsdw fm O ~ ~ U ~ O E ,s till be
members of the m e 4 wbrkezrr' d o n . B ut t h y weald also
S trtionsry .E d n e e r s
=,DM
l
S tafianrm F&?men
t191191SIG b e afL%ia+ed with ~ m f h d wwdwxr' d m , pisyhg mrt
Crammen
gT,@m sf tseit dues into b ath o r ~ 4 a t h n s . %e acwuple: mae&ini sts and blacksmiths laiaghg 8 m ntract s heg and gaing on
A r r t d a l e Faciory, s hi-skilled
&bkg,%l$
Oa a railread t a w k , would merely t wmsf~t. nto a local Qf
i
G unsmitb
4W
,
t he r a S d department, ond t hrre~ftei; instead of d tbei
l
Semi-Sidled ecSechan:es
% Tk,I69
Urccbbery Oilers
M,UB dues &ng to t$e m eial.wurkrr, p art wrmtrI be pakt t o the
f allwad workers. Tkey wotild becow* p art pf the r a i a d
&signers, Drrr.ftm& & Inventof-s
76,081
h dustry, and whii t here would be subject t o tfi8 jurFadf&m
Y ~ c h a n i c d& Efectrical Ragineers
&$'fa4
bdcrcltnral k alcmeea Emgloyeep
IQJM a+ t he railmad workms* u d m s a hr as s trikes a re canf
Car *,
semi-skixed and k lpew
161.6Zb7 ccpned. Bat they w d d b e primaaily t gembvs o thk metal
arerkem' m ian. B ath wtd w urkerd anion and railroad
Ship Buil4ing. semi-sMUd a d helpers
f182
6.&
w a r f r ~ vpawld be hbentfitted b~ ssab a n arrangeBnEnt
s~~
IW dt Steel Pactorp, s e ~ - W e d8r b elper~..
4,6
%87
-SC
.U&
sat spccifi~~
s a,nz
Jl Pbra Ot Ae'$b.r
!31,6@3
ElesW SuppIy FaoOorh, asmi-sk&d
AmnIgraraariaa shaUld bkeomt a b urning qseation in t he
Ofher Itletol factory, a tnt-rlrilled
14518
order of bueinesa st
hal
Tinware factories, s m i - s w e d
86.981
Lead a 3 Z n factofits, s erai-eMW
m ic
W.891 trades. BI QFK&~.~SDI[WI ha*
ana on recoxd.
B tass Idill help
16.961
AII delegates wrr t e d e m lrsve tand
should be L s t c t & fdr+ he
b
P a t e r s in metal. Bwtorics
K0.866
c ~svegEionsgo an record
Cbpprsr Fact6sy Help, all l&f#r
18.879
far a mzilgamatia A ll c a~tdkktteg a r i a t t m a t i o d officers
Shaal_Wcwkers, Fuenaee men, B rneWs men, H ~aters,
should be forcod to vaicc
posit'ion on t he age&aa
L&s.
P ourerr Puddlem Blaat Furmaw L adlua,
When two or mare unions
on r e c o d favorably, LmPacdmte
&a faurmce semi-skilled &b, Eolkta, Roll
a ctim s hodd bb takm to a t hat t hep m ndgomat~ 'EMS
m
&nde, &meaIs:rs and T empmz&
421.88P
w i l l help mave t he more backward organfsatiaos lata getion.
b
d
GMnd m a 1
&4?@,182 Let amaIg~~laXfDne the qcrestion t t he lime.
Metal tradesmen! P rog~esss ells you k3 actiea CUE-These-bi!&w df w wkers a re not a r g a W btca%tss we
me 8o blind th&t qei have not ye% ematmehad w r m t
g
d
t rstian o capital, i nduatrhl develogmcnt, a re mopfag b r f
i pmelmt rader tlll&c se khat as9: mn be; argraPacd O w UIlitedi w a d w ith kerriffe speed. - S tep an the
m d mter
thia t rwi tiies ~ ~ u have ruEh m u r s tssngth matiog. W o@ tfle bu&y road of w f t
ld
t b t t hey mala sooh p u.
end forever to i he damaabZr oon- t g?n *he bra& beulevard of departmentalked fadu$tt.id
d i t h s wn&w $%ti& M d *t racks workers as a Etas& a a live. U U W ~ S l n .
nn
....................................
.-......-.. ......................
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.
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...........
..................................
........... . ..........,..............
,
...,........,..
................... .
...................
............................
................... .........
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......................................
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................... .
................................
.............,..
................
.............,.
............
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....
.......................
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-
Program of the Needle Trades *
h t ' o period when t he workiag dams is bbiag dealt heavy,
m s h i n g bloffs by the a rmgant exploiters; %he&'t he upions
M bs partly gowupt end gsasrally cok%t=dh o=ciaIs %re
s u-~nbhig a n& oRcr motbey to the o$.illau@ts of tBe eapit e s t class, the Trade Union Edueotional h a m I? the only
Bepe far a r f g c a ~ t a t fsf tlte h n i e x m tr$de unto0 m we@
m eltThe League is unitiag in i ts raafts thc d l i t l m t m rkers
r o d a11 t trdes; t host edeqwts wbo alone ase wil%g ond
i
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--
+
:
2
e qdale of reor&anizinq:' t h ~ ~ ~ ~ b m
p w r of resistance.
t d pro@am d
crying need of t he movement. fb is a bsolnhb rt&t whea
i t M a r e s &at t he labor meverp.Cnt ia E O I I ~ pi-hhM
O~
t he
alternative af a m a l p m a t h #r annihik*
In the r rrnsgle a gahst t he reaction'ary ICBdemw. Of t he
Wnnaricazi t rade union raovement, t31E mrima af the needle
trades c m play a n Emgortani rob. m m p a s d rn they w e
af a more c l a s s - c ~ i o ~ ad militant &msnt, they s &wd
ps
set an inspiring uEampk tcr m rkcrs l &her iadustriea.
a
Before t bis cag be accomplishad, hawuvcb. t b troir)ar themm-
TAE
L ABOR
NERQLD
TLz L ~ h Herald
r
realize that they
labor movement
trades section o
I s necessary for those who seek
Facts About the American Labor
Movemen
a re for amalgamakian becaus1:
eigde of "one shop, one union" tB
The probl&nrr and .interests oE
F or example:
An enemy, B absonJs S tatistical C orporatio~z,finds it advantageous to subscribe to T HE LABOR
HERALD.
These expert advisers of the capitalist class want
to knqvy&e facts-and they know where to g&
them. k . a
w h e r our interests.
A friend, The L abor Bureau, keeps T H ELAB
file for reference on questions of
industrial unionism, and the trade union leftwing movement These expert advisers to the
labor movement also know where to get the fact
Federation-as proposed by =me of the m ion offio-ials, F a g
o r -may n ot be a atel, foiward I n the case Bf t he t yp~cal
Arrjerican c raft union. Sn t he case of t h e peedle workers,
4 0tever; i t is n et a
forward. What 3s necessary, and
w b t the s ituatba demands, is a closeiy k nit m%icatiw of
all. t h e ,needle trades.
h algamaii+n of the needle trades will increase t he s,trew&x
T
of t.eneral o rgabatiatl e r~~ilpouslp. n times of kndus
kg
st&e in a ny departgneot, t he emplpyets will bl f&eP
a n a r r w of power m determinat'iw ts win W E& t he
a
q n&as now, a eting e epa~atdy- o mot ~ Owess. m &tire
d
e
mmal and h anaial e remgth
n dons wovId be thrown
on t&c s& of t he vfozkers, a %svng/ t8%1 &toryIofeove& a?~al$lr~lati.onsf all *hei n e e wades in'to one s did
strw@€@n the l iedla %*ades themselves
. mipn nqif!I net
b h e @e pa&way $or the axnaI&amtZon gf aU the
bar
Wt@r cm#t Uni.aas in othiw i ndll6es.
.m
? & eramized- oq tbe
(59e a m ~ 3 l e 3 4 d ne,We
.
b aas of t he pl"e-setit kea of ,f1~191en, s uch a s ia&esY gartrrents d epartmwt, me-'@ eiothing workers, f wries, capmakars, etc.* with o ne ' s a ~ afsuld ared m e c entral s taft in
~'
t h e s atimal a b e , m andistrict s o m & of d t rades in &vh
l
distisi~t-would cIhiin&$e asti% d~P&atdO? of eBort, over@
l amiag,of dinin?f:t$ation, an5.d k & e t he wp generally more
tp
e %ettve.
T e W g about i&ts a m d c w a & a ithe ~ @ t ~ f t s~ every
i
m
t s agxtate for the
=
bcM union in t he ia&w&w ast $&
calling of a special convpnt%pac 8 € %a
&
&
&s in t he needle
tra6es. wGeh shall brmpMe w t e p k s f or amalgamatia?.
Replrsttntation qt suc& a t%tv6nt.m% s h d d be on the basts
of at least one delegate b r s veq. &OW ?-bet?.
,
saolp r JeIw s:*
Tke preisent fbsm bf lorn1 ox&ati00
i t he needle h a d e s
n
hair outlived its u d t h w a a@d tea n o langer )serve &e
h
purposes of t ailitaet uni-n!.im. The urrPnernirs ?awl d ivlei~ns
tens t o cause dbse-nsion in,+& ~wkpof the workers and
a .&evelop in thaal, a sgi* ~f 10caI patiie%ism which i s
m
detrimental to the worker4
w l d ~The local d o n a s
t he &it of o rgsnhation @@.bt.j$ave served a useful p.ntpose
when t& unions were $t
@
- g o a d aod i he m%mbrship
small Bgt now the loa2 unions are f argab x pliical clubs
and m srly. Beless. Us~d.Uy a T WW api%%. a membership of
10,000 FWI boast of no better atteadance at- *stjngs
then
2
die
.
.
'
i s our s l o w .
~ onso~idadon ~ ~cals;-~h+rq: re entirely ~o many loqal
of
a
uaions & t he needle t zada. We stand for the utu"ficatilm I
04 aU t he l a d s of one craft, such a s operators, p~ess~r&Dc.,
e
a d a a11 t he lucala of w e trade, 4 wh a s wt makers, dress
f
maEers, etc.
Employment B~fca=a:-We a dvwate t he estahlishamnt d
v w~1oymaet b m&as in t he enicms of t he n m e t ra&s to
e@~h&e t he p r t r s u a cute competition of t he w&ers when
they a q 1 ?~ the shops f or j obs advertised in the newsgapera.
f
"f'Iaie W @ve .tha unions cmtPoI over the jabs In the &&usD
I
t3i, a s already has heen d amnatrated ky the &nakam.&t-ed
iClothhg* Workers.
Shop Chairmtn i.n an A d t i i ~ r yCapaeit7:-Realhiag
t bat
o d y t h e u g h t he ~s@bIishlllent Elf t he shvp delegate spsteqx
can the present evils j . our unions be tlimisatfed, ahd a s a
n
step in that d irectin, we adveeate {be cstabli&ment of a
shop chairman b ~ d yto meet W guIarb md t o a ct io a n advisory capacity in t he unions. We will a b support all pror
gressive measures in the uniona, such as =pall of oEiccrg.
rcferwdums, .proportions9 ~ ~ r e s e n t a t i o o t&e h j g h r u nits
ts
of the orgamxgtion, elc.
Injunctions:-The
h e x i c a n labor m o ~ e m w t since 'Its
These illustrate t he growing interest in the
offered by THELABOR ERALDmeet t he burning questions
H
to
before the trade unions. A little light is showing in the dark
ness of the American movement, and all sides now realize that
'
THELABOR ERALD
H
is
T he One Indispensable Magazine
if they wish t o keep a finger on the pulse of events. It is the
only journal of its kind on the continent. You will h e plzd
that you sent i yoar subscription.
n
.
;
"
*'
d
r
HERALD
118 No. La Salle St., CMmgo, Ills,
I HE
LABOB
Enclosed f ind money order for
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